Contemporary Heterodox and Interdisciplinary Economics

Present-day schools that bring a specific value system, ethical commitment or a discipline outside economics' own mathematical core into economic analysis. Belongs here: Behavioral Economics, which draws on psychology to model actual rather than perfectly rational decision-making; Ecological Economics, which treats the economy as a subsystem bounded by ecological limits; Feminist Economics, which examines gender, unpaid care work and household production; Buddhist Economics, which evaluates economic activity against Buddhist ethical goals such as sufficiency and non-harm; Islamic Economics, which derives economic principles from Islamic law and ethics, including the prohibition of interest; and Georgism, the doctrine that land rent rather than labor or capital income should be the primary tax base. Does not belong here: a school whose organizing principle is a technical modeling approach rather than an ethical, psychological or disciplinary commitment brought in from outside economics.