Three Seas Initiative

The Three Seas Initiative, also called the Baltic, Adriatic, Black Sea Initiative, is a forum of European Union member states roughly connecting the Baltic, Adriatic and Black Seas in Central and Eastern Europe, intended to create a regional dialogue on questions affecting its members, including infrastructure, energy and digital connectivity. It held its first summit in Dubrovnik, Croatia, in 2016 with twelve founding member states and has since expanded: Greece became a full member in 2023, bringing full membership to thirteen states, while Ukraine, Moldova, Albania and Montenegro hold partner-participant status. Strategic partners that engage with the initiative include the European Commission, Germany, Japan, Spain, Turkey and the United States. Together the thirteen member states cover about 29 percent of European Union territory, hold about 25 percent of its population, and had a combined GDP of about 2.295 trillion euros in 2022.