Bruno Frey

Bruno S. Frey is a Swiss economist, born in Basel in 1941, known for his work in political economy and the economics of happiness. He developed the concept of motivational crowding, the finding that external incentives such as monetary rewards can undermine a person's intrinsic motivation to perform a task. His research has also examined the economics of awards, democratic institutions and cultural policy, drawing on psychology, sociology and history alongside economics. He taught at the University of Basel and the University of Zurich and has directed research at the Center for Research in Economics, Management and the Arts since 2004.