The Saudi Central Bank, still commonly known by its earlier acronym SAMA from its name until 2020, the Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority, is the central banking authority of Saudi Arabia, established in 1952 and headquartered in Riyadh after relocating there from Jeddah in the mid-1980s. Its responsibilities include issuing the Saudi riyal, supervising the kingdom's commercial banks, managing its foreign exchange reserves, maintaining price and exchange-rate stability, and operating national electronic payment systems. Before its founding, the Netherlands Trading Society's Saudi Hollandi Bank had functioned as a de facto central bank managing the country's early gold reserves and oil revenues.
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